Milkfish is one of the traditional sea species which are very important in the Southeast Asian countries and some coastal Pacific, Central America , etc.
Milkfish scientific name is Chanos chanos (Forskal, 1775) is a unique specie in Chanidae family, it has a quick grow, easy-farming, hard-to-caught diseases, low investment costs and suitable for farmers in rural coastal areas with little capital.
Milk fish is ranked precious fish whose delicious meat which is enjoyed by consumers, and it has a high export value. In Viet Nam Milkfish naturally lives in many coastal provinces in the Central such as: Binh Dinh, Phu Yen and Khanh Hoa. People live here exploit the natural seed sources to farm, so it is not popular. Milkfish mainly eat plankton, organics and seaweeds.
Milkfish lives in brackish pond, can be extensive farmed in the density from the 1,500-3,000 cub/hectares, or semi-intensive farmed with the density of 8,000 cub/hectares and intensive farmed with 20,000 cub/hectares. Especially, they could be raised together in the shrimp intensive farming ponds which can clean the environment and reduce the risk of disease for shrimp. Milkfish live and grow well in 25 - 35oC water, the 29 - 34% salt.
Mature milkfish lengths 50-150 cm, weighs 5-18 kg and can live for 20 years. Its breeding season is often during the moon and new moon, at midnight. Milkfish gives birth to 3-4 times each year; the one who weighs 3-14 kg can breed 0.5- 6 million eggs/individual.
Milkfish finished product cost varies from 20-25 million VND/tons in market, breeding milkfish costs around 1,000-2,000 VND/cub. In order to initiatively create a huge source of this fish, step by step bring this specie to be an economic foster in regions of beachside and cage farming in sea, the Research Institute of Aquaculture 2 - the Nha Trang University with the help from the Philippino specialists, have successfully conducted reproduction the Sea Milkfish breed. They are doing research in cultivate seedlings technology and commercial farming technology to complete the production process.
Hopefully by the June 2009 it will be completed and put into mass production to meet the guidelines of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development, gradually diversify farming sea species, transfer the aquaculture structure, strives to reach the volume of 200,000 tons of sea fish in 2010.
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